Search results for "Agricultural product"
showing 10 items of 53 documents
Mutations in Romanian Agriculture after De-Collectivization and Privatization
2013
Abstract This paper aims at presenting mutations in agriculture occurred in the process of collectivization and privatization of it. In this paper we analyze the period 1990-2010 following: the dynamics of the use of the land by ownership, the dynamic structure of the value of agricultural production, the dynamic structure of the value of agricultural production and development park tractors and machinery on-farm ownership. In the analyzed period is shown that mutations that occurred in the ownership of the land and other means of production and the system of relations between agriculture and other sectors of the economy have influenced the evolution of the structure of agricultural product…
Production risk, risk aversion and the determination of risk attitudes among Spanish rice producers
2011
Agricultural production is subject to risk and the attitudes of producers toward risk will influence input choices insofar as these affect production risk. Risk attitudes in turn may be affected by certain socioeconomic characteristics of producers. Using 2004 survey data from a cross-section of 130 Spanish rice farms, we estimate risk-aversion coefficients of farmers and investigate the influence of a series of socioeconomic variables on their risk attitudes. Our results show that farmers exhibit risk-averse behavior and that risk attitudes are related to a series of socioeconomic characteristics. In particular, the belief that the farm will continue after the producer retires is found to …
Development and application of the Hicks-Moorsteen productivity index for the total factor productivity assessment of wastewater treatment plants
2015
Abstract The assessment of the productivity change in wastewater treatment plants is essential to improve performance and reduce operational costs. Several indices are available to compute unit productivity, however some assessments are more reliable than others. In the absence of price data, the Malmquist productivity index is the most commonly applied; but it does not maintain total factor productivity properties under variable returns to scale technology. Hence, Malmquist productivity index is not a suitable index to compute total factor productivity change in wastewater treatment plants. The present study served to overcome such limitations by calculating, for the first time, total fact…
Research of organic agricultural production support in Poland
2017
The features of supporting organic production in Poland are analyzed in the article. Poland is characterized by the largest employment of the population and the number of farms in the organic sector among the countries of Europe. Despite the favorable natural and climatic conditions, the scientific and practical base, significant areas occupied by organic production, the powerful export potential of the country, the proportion of organic operators in the structure of agricultural producers is very low. The main obstacles to the transition to organic principles are the poor development of environmental infrastructure and support from various services of the entire agricultural system. Theref…
Indicators of agricultural intensity and intensification: a review of the literature
2015
Since the 1960s, research has dealt with agricultural intensification (AI) as a solution to ensure global food security. Recently, sustainable intensification (SI) has increasingly been used to describe those agricultural and farming systems that ensure adequate ecosystem service provision. Studies differ in terms of the application scales and methodologies, thus we aim to summarize the main findings from the literature on how AI and SI are assessed, from the farm to global levels. Our literature review is based on 7865 papers selected from the Web of Science database and analysed using CorText software. A further selection of 105 relevant papers was used for an in-depth full-text analysis …
The Projection of a Sustainable Agriculture System Aiming for Supporting the Ecoeconomy and Ecosanogenesis Specific for the Hill-Mountain Areas – Con…
2010
The Romanian integration into the European Union – and also at its technological standards – means among others the adoption and implementation of transforming measures into the conventional agriculture. Thus the farmers should apply certain technologies to enable them to obtain good productions under specific conditions of the ecoeconomy and ecosanogenesis. The implementation of such a sustainable agriculture system for Romania is discussed into this article.
Production et commerce, quelques aspects dans le nord de la Gaule romaine (Ier-IIIe siècle de notre ère)
2023
L’étude de l’économie de la Gaule romaine par les archéologues a traditionnellement privilégié l’analyse des lieux de production agricole et artisanale, ainsi que la diffusion des produits manufacturés. La large diffusion de produits à l’échelle du bassin méditerranéen et jusque dans les provinces septentrionales de l’Empire, voire en dehors, suggère une économie ouverte aux échanges à longue distance. Les recherches montrent cependant que la diffusion n’atteint jamais la totalité de l’Empire, voire du Bassin méditerranéen, si ce n’est de manière marginale. Par ailleurs, à l’écart des rivages de la Méditerranée, l’examen des mobiliers provenant de sites d’habitat conduit à nuancer la place …
Soil Mapping and Processes Models for Sustainable Land Management Applied to Modern Challenges
2017
Abstract In the context of growing population and global change, increasing demands for food production are an enormous challenge that we face in the modern world. At the same time the need to prevent land degradation, restore lands that are already degraded, and maintain soil quality and health is critical to a sustainable use of land resources. Accurate maps and adequate models are indispensable tools to assist managers, scientists, and decision makers in addressing these challenges. In this chapter, we outline the main impacts of climate change on soils, key adaptation, and mitigation strategies and provide an overview of key issues in sustainable agricultural production as well as land …
Assessment of site-specific drivers of farmland abandonment in mosaic-type landscapes: A case study in Vidzeme, Latvia
2018
Abstract Farmland abandonment, which causes changes in rural life and farming practices, can be observed throughout Europe. Over the last decades natural afforestation has decreased the area of farmland used for agricultural production, thereby leading to landscape homogenization and polarization. This process is explicitly evident in mosaic type landscapes consisting of highly complex land cover patterns, soil composition and topography. The aim of the study was to determine the site-specific driving forces of farmland abandonment at landscape scale in relation to agro-ecological and geographic factors, in a post-Soviet country in Eastern Europe. An extensive field survey approach with sta…
Refuse Derived Fuel Gasification Possibilities in Small Scale Units
2018
Fossil fuels use reduction and waste recycling are two great challenges facing our society nowadays. A concept intended to solve both problems is Waste-to-Energy (WtE) approach (Brunner and Rechberger in Waste Manag 37: 3–12, 2015). The routes to the energy recovery can be grouped as thermo-chemical and biochemical approaches and the selection of the WtE technologies also depends on the waste composition. Waste sources can be industrial and agricultural production and urban regions but growing attention is paid to municipal solid waste in OECD countries (Hoornweg and Bhada-Tata in What a waste: a global review of solid waste management. World Bank, Washington, DC 2012) consisting dominantly…